Active surveillance is also known as Watchful waiting or observation and this is the least invasive treatment strategy for kidney cancer. The term "active surveillance" is preferred as it is most accurate regarding this process.
Cryoablation and radiofrequency ablation are the two techniques by which kidney tumors can be ablated today. The concept of ablation is relatively new in cancer surgery for any disease. Traditionally, surgeons have treated cancer by literally cutting it out. This is a process known as extirpation. In contrast to this approach, ablation is a different concept in that cold energy or heat energy is used to destroy the cancerous tissue at the exact site where it exists in the body. Ablation has been used for many cancers including lung, liver, and prostate. However, the technology is particularly well suited tokidney cancer.
Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy and uses Minimally invasive approach (laparoscopy) to perform exactly the same procedure that is done in open partial nephrectomy. In any partial nephrectomy (open or laparoscopic), the kidney cancer is removed with a small amount of normal tissue around it. The normal tissue around the cancer that is removed is known as the margin, and this tissue serves to assure that no cancer is left in the body. The term "negative margin" means that the entirekidney cancer has been removed completely.
Open partial nephrectomy is defined as a removal of a portion of the kidney to achieve total removal of the entire tumor.
Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy and uses Minimally invasive approach (laparoscopy) to perform exactly the same procedure that is done in open radical nephrectomy. In any radical nephrectomy (open orlaparoscopic) the entire kidney including the kidney cancer is removed. The operation involves removal of the kidney along with the fat around the kidney. All of this tissue is contained in a leather layer known as Gerot's fascia. If thekidney cancer is quite large and near the adrenal gland which is adjacent to the kidney, the operation can include removal of the adrenal gland as well. The operation also often includes removal of the lymph nodes which are around the kidney.
Open radical nephrectomy is defined as removal of the entire kidney with surrounding fat and adrenal gland via an open flank or abdominal incision.
Laparoscopic cytoreductive radical nephrectomy is the exact same operation as a laparoscopic radical nephrectomy. However, the laparoscopic cytoreductive nephrectomy is done in the setting of kidney cancer that has extended outside of the kidney and its surrounding tissues. The extent of the cancer may be limited to tissues in the area around the kidney known as the lymph nodes, or thekidney cancer may have spread more extensively to other organs such as the lung or liver.
Open cytoreductive nephrectomy is the exact same operation as an open radical nephrectomy. However, the open cytoreductive nephrectomy is done in the setting ofkidney cancer that has extended outside of the kidney and its surrounding tissues. The extent of the cancer may be limited to tissues in the area around the kidney known as the lymph nodes, or thekidney cancer may have spread more extensively to other organs such as the lung or liver.
Some larger kidney cancers are associated with a growth pattern in which part of the tumor (known as a tumor thrombus) grows into the renal vein. This type of growth pattern occurs in 5-7% of patients with kidney cancer, and growth pattern requires a unique operation to safely remove the entire kidney cancer. The operation is the same as an open radical nephrectomy, but it also involves the surgeon opening the main vein inside the abdomen (which is known as the vena Caval) to remove the tumor thrombus that has clogged this vein.
Cryoablation and radiofrequency ablation are the two techniques by which kidney tumors can be ablated today. The concept of ablation is relatively new in cancer surgery for any disease. Traditionally, surgeons have treated cancer by literally cutting it out. This is a process known as extirpation. In contrast to this approach, ablation is a different concept in that cold energy or heat energy is used to destroy the cancerous tissue at the exact site where it exists in the body. Ablation has been used for many cancers including lung, liver, and prostate. However, the technology is particularly well suited tokidney cancer.
Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy and uses Minimally invasive approach (laparoscopy) to perform exactly the same procedure that is done in open partial nephrectomy. In any partial nephrectomy (open or laparoscopic), the kidney cancer is removed with a small amount of normal tissue around it. The normal tissue around the cancer that is removed is known as the margin, and this tissue serves to assure that no cancer is left in the body. The term "negative margin" means that the entirekidney cancer has been removed completely.
Open partial nephrectomy is defined as a removal of a portion of the kidney to achieve total removal of the entire tumor.
Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy and uses Minimally invasive approach (laparoscopy) to perform exactly the same procedure that is done in open radical nephrectomy. In any radical nephrectomy (open orlaparoscopic) the entire kidney including the kidney cancer is removed. The operation involves removal of the kidney along with the fat around the kidney. All of this tissue is contained in a leather layer known as Gerot's fascia. If thekidney cancer is quite large and near the adrenal gland which is adjacent to the kidney, the operation can include removal of the adrenal gland as well. The operation also often includes removal of the lymph nodes which are around the kidney.
Open radical nephrectomy is defined as removal of the entire kidney with surrounding fat and adrenal gland via an open flank or abdominal incision.
Laparoscopic cytoreductive radical nephrectomy is the exact same operation as a laparoscopic radical nephrectomy. However, the laparoscopic cytoreductive nephrectomy is done in the setting of kidney cancer that has extended outside of the kidney and its surrounding tissues. The extent of the cancer may be limited to tissues in the area around the kidney known as the lymph nodes, or thekidney cancer may have spread more extensively to other organs such as the lung or liver.
Open cytoreductive nephrectomy is the exact same operation as an open radical nephrectomy. However, the open cytoreductive nephrectomy is done in the setting ofkidney cancer that has extended outside of the kidney and its surrounding tissues. The extent of the cancer may be limited to tissues in the area around the kidney known as the lymph nodes, or thekidney cancer may have spread more extensively to other organs such as the lung or liver.
Some larger kidney cancers are associated with a growth pattern in which part of the tumor (known as a tumor thrombus) grows into the renal vein. This type of growth pattern occurs in 5-7% of patients with kidney cancer, and growth pattern requires a unique operation to safely remove the entire kidney cancer. The operation is the same as an open radical nephrectomy, but it also involves the surgeon opening the main vein inside the abdomen (which is known as the vena Caval) to remove the tumor thrombus that has clogged this vein.
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